Dump vehicle



March 3, 1936. H. F. FLowERs DUMP VEHI CLE Filed Nov. 3, 1951 9Sheets-Sheet l www lkw) 9 sheetS-Sheet 2 @figo-wmf.

March 3, 1936. H. F. FLOWERS DUMP VEHICLE Filed Nov. 5, 193].

March 3, 1936. H. F. FLOWERS 2,032,840

DUMP VEHICLE Filed Nov. 3, 1931 9 sneets-sheet 3 Zowem. A

March 3, 1936.

DUMP VEHICLE Filed Nov. 3, 1951 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 @ZIQQ/erf,

H. F. .FLOWERS 2,032,840 v March 3, 1936. H. F. FLOWERS DUMP VEHICLEFiled NOV. 3, 1931 9 Sheets-Sheet. 5

March 3, 1936. H. F. FLowERs DUMP VEH I CLE dttorvwcfl DUMP VEHI CLEFiled Nov. 3, 1931 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 f (ufo: u; 1:4,

Maldl 3, 1936. H. F. FLOWERS 2,032,840

DUMP VEHICLE 9 Sheets-Shet 8 Filed NOV. 5, 1951 March 3, 1936. H. F.FLOWERS DUMP VEHICLE 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Nov. 3, 1951 Patented Mar.3, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DUMP VEHICLE Henry Fort Flowers,Findlay, Ohio Application November 8, 1931, serial No. 572,855 17claims. (ci. 298-18) This invention relates to improvements in dumpvehicles, and more particularly relates to vehicles which may be dumpedin two directions which are at right angles to one another.

One of the features of the present invention is the provision of avehicle having a tiltable dump body and doors at the points at whichdumping is to be effected, these doors being automatically controlled bythe tilting movement of the body.

Another feature of the invention is a three way dump vehicle, havingside doors and a. rear door, which are automatically actuated andcontrolled in their actuation, during tilting of the body in thecorresponding direction.

A further feature of the invention is the provision of independent butinterlocking side and rear latches for the body, whereby the directionof tilting of the body and the actuation of the doors is determined.

Still another feature of the invention is the provision of door controldevices which are permanently connected to the body and moved therewith,and which are adapted to be selectively held to the frame by a latchsystem.

A still further feature of the invention is the provision of bodycentering devices for holding the body in its proper relative positionto the frame, and for insuring return of the body to such properposition during its movement back from tilted position.

A still further feature of the invention, in the specific formillustrated, is the provision of side and rear devices for supportingthe body on the fraine and including door control elements and latchestherefor which are identical in shape for both side and rear doors, sothat the number of shapes of individual elements is reduced.

An illustrative form of constructing a dump vehicle of this type is setforth in the accompanying drawings by way lof example. In thesedrawlllgSI Figure l is a vertical transverse section through thevehicle.

Figure 2 is an end elevation thereof.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal Vertical section.

Figure 4 is a side elevation.

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view corresponding to Figure 1, butshowing the body in tilted position.

Figure 6 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view, corresponding toFigure 3, but showing the body in tilted position.

Figure 7 is a side elevation of the underframe, with associated parts,on a larger scale than that of Figure 4.

Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the latch devices for controllingthe direction oi' tilt.

Figures 9 and 10 are detail views of an interlock device for the tiltlatches, in two positions.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary top plan View, with parts broken away and insection on line II-II of Figure 12, of the tilting power unit.

Figure 12 is a. side elevation, with parts broken away, of this unit.

Figure 13 is a top plan view of the outer cylinder, with a part brokenaway.

Figure 14 is a side elevation of the same, with parts broken away,showing the trunnion connections.

Figure 15 is a detail view, on a larger scale, showing the uid passagesbetween the piston and a cylinder of the power unit.

Figure 16 is a. detail View, on a larger scale, of one of the doorcontrol elements, with the body in transport position.

Figure 17 is a corresponding view, with the body in tilted position.

Figure 18 is a diagrammatic view showing the successive changes ofpositions of the parts in passing from the positionof Figure 16 to thatof Figure 17.

Figures 19, 20, and 21 show the successive positions of the door controllinks under various conditions.

In these drawings, the invention is shown applied to a car traveling onrails R and having anged wheels W for supporting a main frame comprisingthe longitudinal frame members I0 and the transverse frame members II.Longitudinal body beams I 2 and transverse body beams I3 support thebody floor I4 which is bent over at the sides and rear end to formskirts I5 which are secured to the longitudinal and transversereinforcing angle irons I6. A front sheet I 'I is joined to the floorI4. Side doors I8s and |811 are provided, and an end door l8r. Thesedoors are mounted by pivots I9 to the gusset plates 20 which extenddownward from the car bottom and are joined to the longitudinal andtransverse car body beams I2, I3, so thatthe car floor, body beams4 andgusset plates form a rigid structure. It is preferred to stiilen the endsheet I1 by providing an outer sheet I'Ia at the end of the car (Figure3).

On the side and rear under frame members In and II are provided pairs ofplates 258, 2511 and 25?', each of which is provided with an upstandingpyramidal centering and securing lug 26 (Figure 8).

Mounted on the pivots 2! ot the gussets 20 (Fig. 5,5

16) are door control feet 99 having flat webs 9| adapted to rest on thecorresponding plates ills, 251), 25r when the body is in transportposition; Each of the plates 9| is ture 92 having upturned flanges 99for operation with the aligning and securing pins 29. Each foot extendsoutwardly from the car frame, with a slight upward angle and carries atits outerend a pivot 94 to which is secured a door control link which atits other end is connected by a pivot 95 to the respective door, as willbe described in detail hereinafter.

Each foot 90 likewise provides a ledge 99 for engagement by a claw 91 ofa .latch system. As shown in Figure 8, the claws 91 for the right handside of the body are xedly mounted on a latch shaft 99s, while the claws91 for the left hand side of the body are flxediy mounted on the latchshaft 99u and the claws 91 at the rear of the body are mounted nxedly onthe transverse latch shaft 98r. Shaft 99s is pivoted in the underframebrackets 99, and is provided with a crank arm 40s which is pivotallyconnected by a link 4| with the crank arm 40o on the latch shaft 99o. Ahandle 42 is secured to the link 4| so that the two shafts 99s and 99omay be simultaneously rocked. The rear latch shaft 99r is likewisepivotslly mounted on brackets 99 secured to the car frame, and carries acrank 401' loosely pivoted to the llink 49 which may slidelongitudinally in the brackets 99 at the left side of the frame. link 49operates to compress a spring 4I against one bracket 99 when the link 49is moved to a disengaging position for the rear latch claws 91. A handle45 is pivoted to the frame and to theilink 43 and serves to move thelatter back and forth. On the end of shaft 99o is a radial interlockingpin 41. Aplate 40issecuredtolink49 andcarries a sleeve 49 which mayslide freely back and forth on the shaft 98o when the notch 99 of collar49 is in alignment with the interlock pin 41 (Figures 9 and 10) but isprevented from rightward movement when these elements are not inalignment (Fig. 9).

The skirts I5 are cut away. from point to point to permit the doorknuckles |9k to extend inward therethrough for support upon the doorhinge pins I9, and also to permit the passage of the dloor control linksconnecting the pivots 94 and 95.

Each of these links comprises an inner telescoping link member 00 havingan eye 9| at its end to receive the pivot 94 and a slot 92 for thereception of the link draft pin 09 (Figures 19 20, and 21), as well as ashoulder 94 against which a crushing sleeve 65 may scoping link 6B hasan eye 91 for the reception of the pivot pin 35, and its sleeve 99closely embraces the crushing. tube 6l and has a shoulder 69a to engagethe end thereof (Figs. 20 and 21) and is provided with slots 90b for thereception of the link draft pin 69 which passes through simple aperturesin the Preferably a cotter or like pin 19 is employed to hold the linkdraft pin 99 in position.

The end of each door knuckle is provided with a stop lug 15 which, inthe open position of the door` (Figure 1'1) comes to rest against a stoprail 16 secured beneath the body bottom I4 and thus positively limitsthe opening movement of the door. When in the transport position, thebody members I2 and I9 preferably rest upon the tops of the door controlfeet 90 (Figures 1, 3, and i6) so that the weight is transmitteddirectly` from `the body bottom to the underfranie in a substantiallystraight line, whereby to relieve the pivots provided with an aperrest.The outer teleceives the interlocking from exerting bending stressesupon the various' elements during normal transport. To assure againsttilting of these feet the loops 69 are provided on the frame, extendingoutwardly and up wardly into engagement with cross rails 90:: on thefeet 90, so that the claws 91 engage the feet 99 between two points ofsupport on the car frame.

Further, this engagement of the frame member I2 with the foot 90prevents rocking movement of the feet and the compression links 90, 99,and therewith the opening of the door, while the body is being tiltedabout the opposite fulcrum: thus in Figure 5, the left-hand door I9v isbeing held closed while tilting is occurringl about the right-handfulcrum 29.

Any suitable type of power unit may be employed, but a preferred form isset forth in Figures 1 to 8 and 11 to 15 in which the gimbal frame |09is mounted by pivots IOI upon the longitudinal beams i0 of the mainframe and itself is provided with bearings for the trunnion pivots |02on the main body of outer cylinder |09 of the power unit, which is offluid pressure type. An inner cylinder |04 formed as a hollow piston hasa lower peripheral flange |05 which is cut away from point to point(Figure 15) for the passage of the fluid medium and is likewise adaptedto engage the top sealing and closing ange |00 of the outer cylinder |09whereby to limit the upward movement of the hollow piston |04. Thehollow piston has an upper closing wall |01 in which is guided thehollow piston rod |00 of the inner piston |09. The piston rod |00,outside the end wall |01, is connected to a ball member Ill which fitswithin the ball socket III carried by the support I|2 which is securedto the body beams I2 (Figures 5 and l2). One of the trunnions |02 isprovided with a threaded connection I|9 (Figure 14) by which the'iiuidmedium may be admitted, in the collapsed condition of the unit, into theannular space between the outer cylinder |09 and the hollow piston |04,to now down therein and through the notches in the flange |05 to thespace beneath the hollow piston |94 and the inner piston |09, so thatthe pistons are raised and thus ball ||0 is forced upwardly to producetilting of the body.' Any suitable means of control for the admissionand release of the fluid medium may be employed, in manners well knownin the art.

In order to provide a stop for the collapsing movement of the pistons,the inner piston |04 has a central projecting ange I I-5 on its bottomsurface to engage the upstanding lugs ||6 on the bottom wall of theouter cylinder |09 (Figures 12, 13, and 14).

When the car is in use, and in normal transport. it may be drawn fromthe loading point to the unloading point in the usual way. Upon arrivingat the unloading point, a car attendant can select the direction ofdumping by operating the levers 42, 49. When the lever 42 is in acentral position, the claws 91 for the side latches are disengaged andthe unlocking pin 41 is opposite the slot 50. The lever 46 is thenoperated by spring 45 to bring the rear claws 91 into engaging positionwith the lugs 96 on the rear feet 90. During this movement of the link49, the sleeve 49 is moved until the notch 50 repin 41. Thus the claws91 at the sides of the car cannot be engaged while the claws 91 at therear of the car are in latching position, nor the rear claws 91 whilethe side claws 91 at either side are engaged.

Having selected the direction for dumping, the

car attendant now operates the valve which controls the access of theiiuid under pressure into the power unit, so that this unit begins toextend and presses upward against the car body and causes the latter totilt. Since four of the body latches comprising the claws 31 aredisengaged, the body will tend to move and move only about the fulcrumline determined by the two claws 31 which are engaged. If, asIllustratively presented in Figures 16 and 17, the claws 31 for theright hand side door are engaged with the corresponding lugs 36 (fullline position), the corresponding feet 30 are thus held against risingaway from the plates 25s on the frame. The body is hence compelled totilt about the pivots 29 of the lfeet 30 which are held to the car frameby the claws 31, and passes from the position of Figures 1 and 16 tothat of Figures Sand 17.

Similarly, if the latch claws 31 at the left hand side are engaged, thebody is caused to tilt toward the left when the power unit is operated,and therewith the left hand door |811 is selected for movement. Insimilar manner, also, when the latch claws 31 for the rear feet 30 areselected, the body is only free to tilt toward the rear, and suchtilting occurswhen the power unit is operated, and the rear door opensunder the control of the body in its tilt.

In Figure 18 is shown diagrammatically the movement of the severalpivots during the normal tilting movement of the car body in general. Asthe body tilts about the fulcrum 29, the door hinge pins I9 movesuccessively along the circular arc A, B, C, D, E, and F. Thetelescoping links operate in compression between the pivot pins 34 and35 to prevent the opening of the door at greater than a predeterminedrate. Ii the door is free to open, the door control links continue incompression and regulate the opening of the door until the door reachesthe position so that its inner plate is substantially parallel to thebody bottom I 4 when the body reaches the tilted position shown inFigure 17.

If, however, the door is momentarily held against opening movement, thetwo eyes 6I, 61 of the telescoping links are pulled relatively apart sothat the telescoping linksl pass successively from the positions shownin Figure 19 through the position of Figure 20 to the position of FigureIn Figure 19, the crushing sleeve 65 is operating in compression betweenshoulders 64 and 68a. In Figure 20, the inner link 60 has been door pin35 to cause a clockwise rocking of the door toward open position aboutthe door hinge pins I9 (Figure 18). During this extension of thetelescoping link, the body has tilted so that the door hinge pin hasmoved, for example, from po- B while the inner link has moved from theposition of Figure 19 to the position of Figure 20; the door hinge pivotI9 continues its movement to the positions C and D while the two linksare separating to the position shown in Figure 21. In the correspondingtimes, the door pivot 35 moves' from the position a to positions b and cand then to position d, in which latter position the door control linkis in its fully extended position and about to operate in tension v topull the door open.

tilt, the door hinge pivots I9 move to position E and finally to F.Thus, the door may be opened normally as shown by the line ai, b, c, d,e, f,'i1' only a normal resistance is opposed to its opening, e. g. ifthe door can fall open by gravity.

door, the door link pivot moves along the line a, b', c', d', d, e, f,and such resistance is overcome immediately by the tension eiectedthrough the door control links at point d', and the door may swingrapidly through a certain angle, until the door control links have beenthe position shown in Figure 19. This is represented in the diagram ofFigure 18, by the quick radial inward movement from position d toposition d, after which the continuing movement of the body and the doorhinge pivot I9 causes the movement to the position f. It will be notedthat the positions e, f, are the same positions as those compression, asin Figure 17.

The interlocking relationship of the latches comprising the side andrear claws assures the proper relationship oi' the underframe and bodyat all times. Thus when either set of side claws is engaged, it isimpossible to engage the other set of side claws or the rear claws. Whenthe rear claws are engaged, the shafts for the side claws are lockedagainst movement of these claws to engaging the link 43 and the endclaws to the operative and engaging position. Therefore, only one sideor the end may be latched ata time, so that no damage can result uponthe application of 'a tilting eiort to the body with respect to theunderframe. Cn the other hand, at least one side or the rear is at alltimes latched, so that the application of such a tilting eort does notcause the body to be lifted entirely away from the underframe.

I claim:

1. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a body adapted to tilt about laterallyspaced and rear fulcrums for dumping, side and rear doors pivotallymounted on said ing and including means for engaging the frame whentilting about the adjacent fulcrum for selecting the adjacent door forand closing movement, said devices including tog-- gle mechanism andcooperatingv with the body and frame during transport and during dumpingin another direction to hold the associated doors closed.

2. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a tiltable dump body, side and reardirection of tilting.

3. In a dump vehicle, a frame having side and d parts, three sets offoot members of which each set rests during transport on an individualAs the bodycontinues to f body, and door control devices conautomaticopening 5.

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side or end'part of said frame, a dump body, longitudinal pivots forconnecting the sets of foot members on the said side parts to said body,transverse pivotsior connecting said set of foot members resting on theend part to said body, side and end doors pivoted to said body, andmeans including toggle mechanism for connecting the foot members anddoors whereby the tilting of the body about any of said longitudinal andtransverse pivots will select the adjacent door for automatic openingand closing movement and for holding the adjacent door closed duringdumping in another direction.

4. A dump vehicle as in claim 3, including means supported by said framefor engaging selectively one of said sets of ioot members whereby todetermine the direction of tilting of said body.

5. A dump vehicle as in claim 3, in which said foot members haveapertures in their bottom walls, and means are provided on said framefor entering said apertures to guide the foot members to and hold themin predetermined positions in a horizontal plane.

6. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a body, foot members pivoted to the bodyand resting on said frame during transport and each including a ledge,latches for engaging the tops of said ledges whereby to hold thecorresponding foot members against movement away from said frame,manually operable latch elements for selectively moving said latches,alining means on the frame engaged with the foot members while the footmembers are resting on the frame whereby to restrict relative horizontalmovement between said body and frame and engageable by the correspondingfoot members during return of the foot members from raised positionwhereby to establish the relative longitudinal alinement of the bodywith respect to the frame, and a dump body pivotally mounted on saidfoot members for tilting movement, said latches operating to select thedirection of tilting of said body.

'1. A dump vehicle as in claim 6 in which said latch elements includemanually operable shafts, and the latches are mounted on said shafts forrocking movement therewith.

8. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a body adapted to tilt about laterallyspaced and rear iulcrums for dumping, side and rear doors pivotallymounted on said body, and door control devices resting on said frameduring transport and being pivotally connected to said body whereby toprovid e the fulcrums therefor and movable bodily with the body duringtilting and including toggle mechanisms for holding the raised doorsclosed during dumping, and means on said frame for preventing rockingand shifting movements o! said devices during tilting about the adjacentfulcrum.

9. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a body adapted to tilt about laterallyspaced and rear iulcrums for dumping, side and rear doors pivotallymounted on said body, a mechanism on said frame for raising said body,foot members resting on said frame during transport, pivots forconnecting the said foot members and body whereby the body may tiltabout a selected pivot while a foot member connected to the pivotselected for tilting remains in engagement with the frame, and latchesfor selectively holding said foot members to said frame whereby todetermine the direction of tilting of said body during y energizationoi.' said raising mechanism.

1 0. In a dump vehicle, a i'rame, toot members resting on said frameduring transport, a tiltable dump body resting on said foot memberswhereby the weight of the body and its contents are transmitted throughsaid foot members directly to the frame during transport, pivots forconnecting the said toot members and body whereby the body may tiltabout the selected pivot, latches for selectively holding said rootmembers to the frame whereby to determine the pivot about which tiltingshall occur, and aligning members on the frame for interengaglng withthe foot members to determine the horizontal relative position of thebody and frame, said alining members including upwardly extendingportions which converge upwardly in both longitudinal and transverseupright planes.

1l. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a body adapted to tilt laterally and tothe rear with respect to said trame, foot members pivotally connected tothe body and normally supported by said frame and providing laterallyspaced and rear fulcrums about which the body may tilt for side and reardumping, side and rear doors pivotally mounted on said body to told downfor dumping, each said toot having an extension toward the adjacent doorwith respect to the body pivot o! said foot member, a telescoping linkpivotally connected` to said extension said door depending below itsbody pivot, and means for normally preventing the telescoping of saidlink whereby the link may operate in compression for controlling theopening and closing of the door during tilting of the body, said meansyielding to excessive compression strains upon the link.

l2. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a body adapted to tilt laterally and tothe rear with respect to said frame, foot members pivotally connected tothe body and normally supported by said frame and providing laterallyspaced rear Iulcrums about which the body may tilt for side and reardumping, side and rear doors pivotally mounted on said body to fold downtor dumping, each said foot having an extension toward the adjacent doorwith respect to the body pivot of said foot member, an extensible linkpivotally connected to said extension and to a portion of said doorextending below the body pivot thereof, said link operating bycompression to control the opening and closing of the door duringtilting of the body, and yielding by extension when the door is blockedduring its opening movement.

13. In a dump vehicle. a frame, a tiltable dump body, foot vmembersresting on said frame during transport and providing a support for thebody and pivot mountings for the body during its tilting about ai'ulcrum provided by selected foot members at one side or the other ofthe frame and movable bodily during tilting of the body in anotherdirection, side latch shafts on said frame extending longitudinallythereof, sets o! latch members connected to said shafts for engaging andholding the Ioot members whereby to determine the tilting of said bodyabout the adjacent side, a link connecting said shafts for simultaneousmovement, and a manually operable member for moving said shaftssimultaneously between two positions in each of winch one o! said setsof latch members is engaged with the foot members corresponding theretoand another set is released from the foot members corresponding theretoor to a third position in which both said sets are disengaged.

14. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a body mounted for tilting selectivelyabout tulcrums at the and to a portion oi opposite sides of said frame,side doors pivoted to said body to fold down, a control means for eachdoor, said control means being disposed between a longitudinal medialplane through the body and the door with which it is associated, eachcontrol means including a member pivotally connected to the body, atelescoping link of limited extension pivoted to the outer end of saidmember and to a depending member on the door, said telescoping linkpermitting a relative free movement of the body and door and thereafteroperating at its limit of extension for producing an opening movement ofthe door relative to the body during tilting of the body on the frame,said frame operating upon said member to prevent turning movementthereof during transport for holding the doors locked in closed positionand for controlling the position of said member during the swinging ofthe door to open position, and means for selectively latching saidcontrol means for selecting the direction ofdumpmg.

15. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a tilta-ble body,

'foot members resting on the frame during transport and providing asupporting means for the body and pivot mountings for the body duringits tilting about a iulcrum provided by selected foot members at one ofthe sides or the rear of the frame and movable bodily during the tiltingof the body in another direction, latching means including latches forselectively securing the foot members at either side and the rear of theframe whereby to determine the direction of tilting for dumping,independent manually operable devices for moving the latches at eitherside or the rear of the frame, andinterlocking elements for connectingsaid independent devices whereby the side latches cannot be engagedwhile the rear latches are engaged.

16. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a. body mounted for tilting selectivelyabout fulcrums at the opopsite sides of said frame and at the rear ofsaid frame, side doors pivoted to the body to fold down, a rear end doorpivoted to the body to fold down, a control means for each dooroperating to permit the opening and for causing the closing of the dooradjacent the fulcrum selected about which the body is to be tilted, saidcontrol means being disposed adjacent the door with which it isassociated, each control means including a member pivotally connected tothe body and contacting with said frame during transport, a link pivotedto the outer end of said member and to a. depending member on the door,said frame operating upon said members to prevent turning movementthereof during transport for the holding of the doors locked in closedposition, and means operating in conjunction with said frame forcontrolling the position of said members during the opening and closingof the door with which they are associated.

17. In a dump vehicle, a frame, a tiltable dump body, doors pivoted tosaid body, foot members resting on said frame during transport, pivotsfor connecting the said foot members and body whereby the body may tiltabout a. selected pivot while a foot member connected to the pivotselected for tilting remains in engagement with the frame, link meanspivoted at one end directly to said foot members and pivoted at theother end directly to the doors adjacent thereto Whereby to control theposition and movement of said doors, a latch associated with each saidfoot member, and a common manually operable means for selectivelyactuating and controlling said latches for holding certain of said footmembers immovable relative to said frame and for releasing otherswhereby to determine the direction of tilting.

HENRY FORT FLOWERS.

